http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1000001 Tue, 25 Aug 2026 06:36:25 GMT 2026-08-25T06:36:25Z http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012856 Theoretical foundations of tense and aspect applied in teaching: reducing cognitive overload in EFL classrooms Masár Machová, Dagmar; Kráľová, Zdena; Shurma, Svitlana; Inselseth, Jana This study explores whether teaching verb grammar by emphasizing tense-aspect distinctions, rather than the traditional 12-tense model used in EFL classrooms, offers advantages for teachers and students, contributing to the broader discussion on reduction of cognitive load in mastering English tense system and bridging the gap between theoretical and pedagogical grammar. Our experiment involved a presentation that introduced students to the distinctions between tense (present, past, future) and aspect (progressive, perfective) through a compositional approach, combining tense with one aspect at a time, followed by brief practice. To measure learning outcomes, we conducted a pretest four weeks before the classroom presentation, a posttest the same day, and a delayed posttest four weeks after the presentation. A questionnaire was also distributed to get learners’ feedback about the presentation. The results suggest that our proposed instructional model benefits early EFL learners of grammar by improving their understanding of tense and aspect through reduced cognitive overload. However, more advanced students already exposed to the traditional 12-tense model showed less improvement. These findings highlight the need for an overall shift away from the traditional 12-tense model, but with a gradual instructional transition for experienced learners. © 2026 Dagmar Masár Machová, Zdena Kráľová, Svitlana Shurma & Jana Inselseth. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012856 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012855 Triboelectrically-induced non-contact polypropylene/polyvinylidene fluoride sensor with low permittivity supporting layers affecting its interfacial charge dynamics Říha, Pavel; Hausnerová, Berenika; Olejník, Robert; Matyáš, Jiří; Slobodian, Petr; Riha, Pavel; Hausnerova, Berenika; Olejnik, Robert; Matyas, Jiri This work presents a simple and low-cost approach to triboelectric sensing based on commercially available nonwoven polypropylene (PP) membranes paired with electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) to form a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), which is further utilized as a sensor operating predominantly in a non-contact regime. The initial contact electrification creates an interfacial charge state that is retained after contact, allowing subsequent separation changes to generate electrical signals via electrostatic induction without requiring continuous contact. The introduction low-permittivity sublayers (polyvinyl chloride (PVC), biaxially oriented polyethylene terephthalate (BOPET), and low-density polyethylene (LDPE)) beneath the tribonegative PVDF membrane significantly enhances the TENG’s mechano-electric performance by modifying the electric field distribution in the multilayer dielectric structure. The PP/PVDF+LDPE layer achieves a peak open-circuit voltage of 689 V and a maximum power density of 5.46 mWcm⁻² in comparison to 376 V and 2.05 mWcm⁻², respectively, for PP/PVDF. This confirms that the dielectric permittivity of the supporting layer is a key parameter controlling the electrical output of the PP/PVDF triboelectric system. The device was validated under various pressure stimuli and vibrations demonstrating its ability to simultaneously sense motion and harvest energy. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012855 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012857 Insights into the impact of a green polar solvent on the properties of polysulfone membranes for gas separation applications Krchňáčková, Zuzana; Khellouf, Riyadh Abdekadir; Hanušová, Dominika; Šuly, Pavol; Münster, Lukáš; Dušánková, Miroslava; Plachý, Tomáš; Kovářová, Miroslava; Sedlařík, Vladimír Replacing toxic solvents with greener options in the preparation of polymer solutions and subsequent membranes is a matter of importance today. This study focused on the use of methyl 5-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate (MDMO) as an environmentally-friendly alternative to N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) for the preparation of thin polysulfone films. The correlation between the thickness of the prepared membranes and the concentration and viscosity of the polymer solutions used was evaluated. Attention was also paid to the presence of residual solvents, which were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, headspace gas chromatography, and dynamic mechanical analysis. Gas permeation measurements were performed for three gases (CO2, N2 and O2) with different kinetic diameters of molecules. Although MDMO proved to be a good solvent for polysulfone, the tested cast films did not exhibit the same gas permeability as membranes prepared from polysulfone solutions based on N-methylpyrrolidone. http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012857 http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012846 Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of cronobacter spp. strains isolated from powdered milk formulas and dairy production environments Parra-Flores, Julio Enrique; Daza-Prieto, Beatriz; Troncoso, Miriam R.; Figueroa, Guillermo; Reyes-Fuentes, María; Holý, Ondřej; Cruz-Coŕdova, Ariadnna; Ruppitsch, Werner; Forsythe, Stephen James Cronobacter spp. is a pathogenic genus comprising seven species, of which C. sakazakii is particularly notable for its association with neonatal outbreaks linked to powdered infant formula. The severity of infections is associated with virulence factors (VFs) and β-lactam antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled precise strain typing through core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST), enhancing discrimination and accuracy. This study aimed to use cgMLST (2831 genes) to genomically characterize 34 Cronobacter strains which had been isolated from powdered milk and production surfaces between 2011 and 2022. The identified strains included C. sakazakii ST1, ST4, ST13, ST31 and ST83, as well as C. malonaticus ST60. Overall, there were eight clusters of closely related strains. All strains exhibited resistance to cephalothin, 18 were resistant to ceftazidime and 11 to ampicillin. Various resistance genes (blaCSA, blaCMA, fos, qacJ, marA, AcrAB-TolC, and mcr-9.1) and virulence genes (cpa, nanAKT, fic, relB, fliC) were detected, with some genes being exclusive to C. sakazakii. All strains carried plasmids and mobile genetic elements. The multidrug resistance and presence of virulence genes in these isolates highlight the significant risk that C. sakazakii-contaminated powdered dairy products pose to public health, underscoring the need to adopt proper hygienic manufacturing practices and effectively implement HACCP in their production. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/10563/1012846 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z