Antioxidant properties of European cranberrybush fruit (Viburnum opulus var. edule)

Abstract

V literatuře je jen málo informací a jedlých kalinách (Viburnum opulus var. edule). Toto ovoce může být kultivováno i v drsnějších klimatických podmínkách a dokonce sbíráno pod sněhovou pokrývkou. Cílem práce bylo stanovit množství fenolů, antioxidační aktivitu, flavonoidy a vitamin C u odrůd ´Leningradskaya otbornaya´, ´Souzga´ a ´Taezny rubiny´. U polyfenolů byl zjištěn vysoký obsah (až do 8.29 g kyseliny galové/kg čerstvé hmoty). 1,1´-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) a 2,2´-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazino-6-sulphonová kyselina (ABTS) testy byly použity pro stanovení antioxidační účinnosti, přitom korelace u DPPH testu byla r2 = 0,88 a ABTS testu r2 = 0,98. Pro srovnání byla provedena úbytková aktivita 25 % extraktu plodů. Obsah flavonoidů a vitaminu C byl na úrovni 4,89 g/kg a 1,64 g/kg čerstvé hmoty. Práce slouží k popularizaci tohoto ovocného druhu a jeho využití v lidské výživě.

In literature there is little information available on European cranberrybush fruit (Viburnum opulus var. edule). This fruit plant can be cultivated even in harsh climatic conditions because of low requirements for the environment. It is possible to harvest the fruit even in the snow cover. The aim of this study was to determine the content of polyphenolics, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and vitamin C in the fruit of three cultivars ´Leningradskaya otbornaya´, ´Souzga´ and ´Taezny rubiny´. In case of polyphenolics high contents were observed (up to 8.29 g of gallic acid/kg of fresh mass (FM)). The 1,1´-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2´-azinobis-3-ethylbenzthiazino-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) tests were applied to determine antioxidant activity which was also high in comparison with other fruit species. The correlation between the polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity was in case of the DPPH test r2 = 0.88 and the ABTS test r2 = 0.98. For comparison, scavenging activity of reactive oxygen species (superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide) was determined by using a 25% fruit extract of particular cultivars. Antioxidant efficiency was also assessed using the rat liver slice model. Furthermore, the contents of flavonoids and vitamin C were assayed with the values of 4.89 g/kg and 1.64 g/kg FM, respectively. The work should contribute to the popularization of this species as a promising crop plant in human nutrition.