Odkrývání mechanismů autoregulace u dětí a mladistvých v ústavní péči

Abstract

In their research, the authors focused on generating mechanisms involved in and affecting the process of self-regulation in children and minors living in institutional care, namely in children's homes. The aim of this research was to uncover/reveal the processes of self-regulation that shape an individual's interaction with the environment and their "confrontation" with the risk factors, i.e. to reveal the mechanisms regulating emotions, cognition, behaviour and attention. The researchers used a system of inductive methods of qualitative research, i.e. coding procedures of grounded theory (Strauss, Corbin, 1998). As their research technique they chose the focus group (Morgan, 1997), in selected children's home in the Zlin Region (in the Czech Republic). The participants were seven respondents aged 12 to 16 years. The data were transcribed and processed using open, axial and selective coding. Via open coding, 74 codes, later merged into 19 categories were abstracted and dimensionalised. Two process models-regulation of emotion and of cognition crystallised from the categories, merging into an important factor of motivation. Subsequently, a cyclic model of the influence of motivation on success was prepared. In conclusion, we have uncovered a hierarchical model of self-regulated behaviour. We found that the staff plays a key role in motivating children and adolescents living in residential care facilities. Our findings point towards the theory of replacing intrinsic motivation by extrinsic motivation. Therefore we deem it necessary to apply a holistic approach aimed at developing social and emotional competencies, which is the basis for self-regulation of behaviour. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.